Vidobutok expensive stone, Sri Lanka. How do you make a stone? How to know the expensive stone in the mountains
Expensive stones of Russia are in the house of the whole world. The impersonal genera are unique for obligations and zmist. The main area of the fouling is the central and pivnіchno-shіdna parts of the country. The largest variety of luggage is found in the Urals, in the Yamalo-Nenets region, Chelyabinsk region (Norilsk). Ekaterinburg and other places of the Sverdlovsk region, the Baikal region (Irkutsk and Chitinsk regions, Buryatia) are famous for the cat stones.
The first Russian diamonds were known in the Urals in 1829. Vidobutok hanging in artisanal ways, even more often expensive stone they knew vipadkovo at the hour of washing the gold-bearing piska. Less than 100 years in the Urals saw 250 diamonds with a wagon up to 25 carats. Ural diamonds are of marvelous purity and transparency. In the past, the relatives were born in the western regions of the Urals.
A variety of diamonds from Siberia was less likely to be found in the 50s of the 20th century. The largest kimberlite pipes were known in Yakutia. This made Russia one of the leaders of the world for the production of diamonds.
Ekaterinburg and the places of the Sverdlovsk region oppose the variety of brown copalins. What kind of expensive and expensive stone do you see here? Yekaterinburg to enter the so-called Ural region. The variety of minerals that are found here is simply wonderful: garnets (red jewelry and grossulari), malachite, rauchtopaz. Across from the Ural topazes are red, blue and violet. Most Ekaterinburg tsіnuє wine and yellow stone.
The regional center and adjacent regions are rich in deposits of rare minerals. In the Urals, there is a variety of bottles of verdelet and rhodonite. Yekaterinburg is the center of one of the oldest garnished footwear regions in the country. For the rest of the world in the photo, on which the Ural gems are depicted. At this time, only a part of the explored reserves with brown copalins are being rozroblyaetsya. Smaragdi, as if delivering Yekaterinburg, cherish the abundance of green colors and high transparency..
Not long ago, a novelty was announced that a new expensive stone was found near the Sverdlovsk region - Maryinsky. Mineral for hardness and glimpse of a trio is given to a diamond.
Cream of that Yekaterinburg supplies amethyst and aquamarine to the whole world. Red and black jaspers are found near the Sverdlovsk region. Black tourmaline – sherry is actively being discovered.
The territory of the Urals is majestic and rich on the copalin pattern. Ural gems spawned at their creations Bazhov. No photo does not convey all the glare of the expensive stone that is seen in the Urals. Minerals are highly valued by jewelers of the world.
In the Urals, the largest genera of emeralds and oleksandrites grow. The richest slag of high-acid charoist is also found in the Urals. In the Chelyabinsk region, a moon stone is found. Adularia from the Urals often avenge the inclusion of the golden dog. Mayzhe prozory moonstone was found on the Kola Pivostrov and in the Subpolar Urals.
The area near Baikal is known for its well-formed topazes. Buryatia sees all Russian jade. Some of the main layers of clothing are stowed and are visible close to Lake Baikal. Therefore, the stone is kept carefully, so as not to harm the ecosystem of the lake. Russian jade may be different in number, black specimens are traversed.
Trochs on the way to Lake Baikal from the birthplaces of the Bartoy group see bright-red garnets - piropi. The deposits of the Irkutsk region in the Baikal region give the edge of amethyst, light blue lapis lazuli, aquamarine and erysipelas-red rhodonite. Not far from Baikal there is a kind of bottle of tourmaline. In the Baikal region, a moon stone is found, which is a pearl.
Norilsk is famous for its majestic areas of saline deposits, natural gas and oil. In addition, Norilsk is home to expensive and expensive stones. On the outskirts of the city and adjacent areas, jade is produced. Norilsk maє genera of greenish-yellow olive oil.
Jewelers know Norilsk, as a place to look like a red stone. Zavdyaki to the great reserves of aluminium, and the flood of Norilsk and the Krasnoyarsk Territory є vlasniks gave to pumpellite. Among the other collections of minerals, yak vydobovaє Norilsk - moїhukit. Norilsk is home to a great number of zeolites. You can see among them prenіt. It is important that the mineral has exuberant power.
Norilsk is one of the cities where a rare light-yellow stilbite has been revealed. Call it something, it's walnut and it means "blisk". The stone can move a glint, which cannot be conveyed in the photo. Not long ago, Norilsk began to put on the market new expensive stones - xonotlite. The stench may be more zabarvlennya іz black or sіrimi razluchennyami.
Nizhniy Novgorod is no less rich on the kopalini's painting. On the industrial scale, Novgorod produces dolomite, clay and sand. Tim amazing novelty, sho Nizhny Novgorod can bring diamonds out of the earth. The governor of the region spoke about it. The dilyanka with a diamond-measured pipe, like the Volodya of Nizhny Novgorod, is small. Ale geological exploration continues. Possibly, at some future place, I will become one of the centers for the production of technical diamonds. Nizhny Novgorod celebrates the glory of the fatherland of miraculous carvings of stone. Virobi mystic masters in the house of the whole world.
Makhachkala and the entire Dagestan region are covered with deposits of saline ores and oil. Expensive stone here rarely grinds. ale Makhachkala can save some deeds gіrsky krishtal, chalcedony, agate and carnelian. The region has a more developed jewelry art. Kubachi, Makhachkala, Derbent are famous for masters of glyptics - artistic stone carving.
In the Oryol region, no significant genera of expensive stone have been found, but there are large reserves of syrovin for budding materials. Far beyond the borders of the Oryol region, in the houses of the milling stones of the village of Andriivka. Great boulders create chimeric forms. Leather stone can have special power: exultant ailments, helping in a special life of learning.
The Volgograd region also cannot boast of gems. Ale in Surovikino є vіdomi kurgani. Tse purchase of great shavers for the pischanik, like a celestial river saves heat. At Surovikino come impersonal tourists who have heard about the power of the stone stone.
cream
Bagato districts in Krim (Kerch, Bakhchisaray, Feodosijsky) may be the birthplace of an expensive stone and a vibration stone. The Crimea is characterized by vapnyakov and shale rocks. From above Krimu is given carnelian, amethyst (erysipelas and violet), onyx and opal.
Amazing variety of colors of agates for Krim. Here black and white stones are mined with husbands of erysipelas, blackite, red, brown and gray color. Bakhchisarai and the Kerch region of Krimu are famous for their great stocks of jet. All the black stones and stovburi of trees, the sounds are similar to a stone. A lot of souvenirs for Krim were prepared from this gem.
On the territory of Kara-Dag there are birthplaces of girsky crystal, heliotrope, opal, chalcedony and jasper.. Ale tsya dіlyanka Krimu є zapovidnoy zone, that kind of butt of stone is not conducted. On the islands, rare milk opals grow (Kara-Dag, Bakhchisaray, Sudak). Citrinis are often found in mountain breeds.
The successors of Krim knew minerals from his lands, the power of the next region. The most common ones - kerchenit, mitridatite, alushtite and bosporite - took away the names of the city of knowledge. Bakhchisaray, Fiolent, Karadag are rich with jaspers of different colors. The most characteristic for Krim is red and yellow jasper with color blotches.
With us light in the house decorative stone Krimu - Black Sea route, marmur, diabase. Feodosiya, Sevastopol, Bakhchisaray may put a girsky crystal. A large-scale sighting of semi-precious syrovina on the pivostroy surroundings, shards of the greater part of the Crimea can be seen up to the conservation and protected areas.
Children, we put our soul into the site. For those
that reveals its beauty. Damn that goosebumps.
Come visit us at Facebookі VKontakte
To say that people are happy to marvel at the sky, and the sums are under their feet. Let me sing you: many people have become happy to the very one who respectfully marveled at his feet, and did not look at the gloom. We not only call on you to inherit your butt, but let me explain why you need to give respect and take a walk in some places in order to know the right treasures among the most famous stones: diamonds, burshtin, gold and meteorite.
website betray your respect for those who legislate the skin of the country in a different way between the diyalnist shukachiv minerals and expensive metals. To that, first lie on jokes, know, assuming any knowledge, you will not be violated by mystical laws.
Burshtin
Where can you know: The most accessible option is to go to the Baltic Spit. Burshtin is mined in the entire valley of the Baltic coast near Poland and the Kaliningrad region. In genera and in other places, for example, in Ukraine in the Rivne region, in the Dominicana, in Burma, and even in the Baltic States, you can ask for an excursion, which includes the choice of a burshtina on a birch and near the worked land of the car.
'Khati sooner than early in the autumn, or in the early spring. After storms, the overrun of the burshtin begins. Strong winds break the burshtin rock and throw on the shore buy a fin and algae, in which you happen to be swept, to know the burshtin. Do not check until the burshtin reaches land. The stench enters the water at the krizhan, the fins and algae swirl in great nets, carry the wet kupa to the shore and respectfully sort out the її at the shores of the shmatochkіv burshtina. It’s worth considering that the worst storm is short-lived, so that a protracted storm just sees the whole burshtin back by the sea, and you can see it, only as long as you have a diving suit and a garn of cold tolerance.
Most expensive and rare specimens of burshtin - all pieces with lumps, other creatures, fry, blades of grass, etc. Such inclusions are called inclusions. The value of such signs often outweighs the value of diamonds.
meteorite
Expensive stone and metal can be bought in leather jewelry store. And you don’t know the axis of meteorites there, for those who stink are richer, and therefore, mothers are richer. The great meteorites that make up the whirlwinds fall even more rarely, but more often. Їх i varto try to know.
Where can you know: People, who have worked out meteorites in their hobbies, to please newcomers, if they have not yet taken away metal shocks, start fooling with flat dahivs.
Yes, it sounds amazing. But on the right, in the fact that you are not allowed to see the objects of the earthly trip and you yourself can find a few micrometeorites there. Do not fill with respect the holes under the gutters, in the yakі you could eat meteorites under the hour of a strong board at once from the streams of water. Take a look at your knowledge. All meteorites have a "melting crust" - a thin ball of speech, which melted, from which "gist from space" is formed, and remaglipty - small burials, spreading over all surfaces of the meteorite body. All signs, but not a single sign. The rest of the knowledge will help you, for example, practitioners of the Laboratory of Meteoritics of the Geochemical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Diamonds
If you care what you are lucky, then try your success at the search for the hardest mineral of our planet - diamond. Wanting to the right is not less than good luck, obviously. The washing of diamond-bearing rock in a special sieve is not an easy task, as it may not pay off. Therefore, don’t get caught up in the knowledge of the century, but in the unimaginable good, about the future, tell your friends about it.
Where can you know: The only diamond quarry in the world is the Crater of diamonds, a reference for diamond cutters, located in the USA, in the state of Arkansas. Whether a stone of knowledge is yours. So marvel at both and do not miss the expensive stone: you can easily lead you into oman with your modest look. Unfinished diamonds are not similar to sparkling diamonds, which sound like bachiti at jewelry stores.
Gold
Now, if you have learned how to work with a shlikhovy tray on the washing of diamonds, the hour has come to break for gold.
Where can you know: In principle, you can find gold or you can find a nugget even in any other country, but in Australia, the most loyal laws of good miners.
Australia beckons not only with gold. Vaughn is also famous for its opals: most of this wonderful stone is seen here. Like a slip of gold, whether a person can try himself with diligence. Ale with opals is more foldable, shards, because you don’t have any special equipment, you can get lost in old tunnels, marveling at the shattered rock, wondering what you, who was here before you, missed the sprat good stone. Vtіm, such often traplyatsya. Opali to glow in the ultraviolet, so if you take an ultraviolet light lighter with you, you definitely won’t be left without knowledge.
There are no more than two dozens of the main varieties of expensive and virobny stone in the world. Tse lands, in which the export of gems should become suttevu, or to create the main part of the national budget. If you don’t take diamond-mining regions to your credit, then the richest and most expensive minerals of the country will be Australia, Brazil, Congo, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, India, PAR, Colombia, Myanma, Pakistan, Afghanistan. The most expensive stones are Europe, which are industrially important relatives of Pivnіchna America, pivnіchna part of Asia and Australia.
Svіtovі lіderi vydobutku expensive kamіnnya
Mineral | The edges of the cutter of expensive stone |
Diamond | PAR, Angola, Sierra Leone, Congo, Botswana, Algeria, Nigeria, Tanzania, Ghana, Lesotho, Guinea, Mali, India, China, Russia, Indonesia, Myanmar, Brazil, Venezuela, Guyana, Guiana, Australia, USA, Canada |
Rubin | Myanmar, Thailand, Sri Lanka, Greece, Laos, Kampuchea, Pakistan, Tanzania, Madagascar, Switzerland |
Sapphire | India, Sri Lanka, Kampuchea, Thailand, Myanmar, USA, Australia, Brazil |
Emerald | Colombia, Zambia, Zimbabwe, PAR, Mozambique, Pakistan, India, Australia, Norway, Austria, Brazil, Tanzania, Nigeria, USA |
Oleksandrite | Sri Lanka, Brazil, Myanmar, USA, Zambia, Zimbabwe |
Beryl | Brazil, Madagascar, Mozambique, USA, Namibia, Russia |
Turquoise | Iran, USA, Egypt, Uzbekistan, Mongolia, Peru, Brazil, Chile, Kazakhstan |
Demantoid | Italy, Russia, Namibia, Iran |
Opal | Australia, Austria, Mexico, Nicaragua, Guatemala, Brazil, Kazakhstan |
Pirop | Czech Republic, Madagascar, Mongolia, PAR |
Jadeit imperial | M'yanma, Kazakhstan, Russia |
Pearly | Australia, lands of the Persian Stream, India, Oceania |
Spinel | Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Tajikistan, |
Amethyst | Brazil, Uruguay, Madagascar, Zambia, Namibia, Mexico, Nimechchina, PAR |
Chrysolite | Egypt, USA, Norway, Myanmar, China, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Mongolia |
Chrysoprase | Australia, Poland, Kazakhstan |
Citrine | Brazil, Madagascar, |
Spodumene | Brazil, Madagascar, USA, Myanmar, Afghanistan |
Topaz | Brazil, Spain, Russia |
Tourmaline | Brazil, Mozambique, Madagascar, USA, Russia |
Zozit | Tanzania |
Zircon | Madagascar, Brazil, Sri Lanka, Thailand |
Burshtin | Russia, Dominican Republic, Nіmechchina, USA, Japan, Poland |
The most significant genera of diamonds are found in the Pivdenny-African Republic (the first genera in kimberlites), in the Congo, Tanzania, Zimbabwe, Angola, other lands of Pivdenny and Western Africa, as well as in Russia.
For a long time there was little great significance (nine used) for the genera of diamonds in India and Brazil, which resemble the majority of historical diamonds.
The genera of chrysoberyl grow in Russia (in the Urals, ninth cultivation), in Sri Lanka, Brazil and Zimbabwe.
Svіtovі lіderi vydobutku vrobnyh kamenіv
Mineral | The edge of the forager of forage stones |
Agalmatolit | China, Russia |
Agate | India, Nimechchina |
Amazonit | Brazil, India, USA, Kazakhstan, Zimbabwe, Madagascar, Canada |
Jet | UK, Spain, Russia, Georgia |
Hematite bloodstone | Russia, Great Britain, Germany, PAR, Brazil, Kazakhstan, New Zealand, Norway, Sweden, Spain, USA |
Jadeite | M'yanmar, Kazakhstan, Russia, Guatemala, USA |
Irising poles | Finland, Canada, Ukraine, Russia, USA, Kyrgyzstan, Madagascar, Norway, Sri Lanka |
Quartz | Madagascar, Brazil, PAR, India, Kazakhstan, Russia, China |
Lazulite | Angola, Namibia, Congo, Russia, Madagascar, Austria |
Lapis Lazuli | Afghanistan, Russia, Tajikistan, Chile |
Lepidolite | Brazil, Madagascar, Mongolia, USA |
Malachite | Congo, Zambia, Australia, USA, Kazakhstan, Namibia, China |
Marmur onyx | Egypt, Turkey, Algeria, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Argentina, Mexico, Italy, Turkmenistan |
Nephritis | China, Australia, Russia, Canada, New Zealand, Taiwan |
Obsidian | USA, Mexico, Russia, Germany, Italy, Iceland, Ecuador |
Wood benches | USA, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Russia |
Ophiocalcite | Algeria, Egypt, Argentina, Mexico, USA, Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan |
Rhodonite | Australia, PAR, USA, Japan, Russia, Sweden, Madagascar, Mexico |
Rhodochrosite | Argentina, USA |
Rodusit | Russia |
Serpentine | Russia, Mongolia, PAR, Algeria, Tasmania |
Fluorite | Russia, Tajikistan, USA, Mexico, Namibia, China, Canada |
Chlorite | Russia |
Charoite | Russia |
Jasper | Russia, India, USA, Venezuela, Egypt, Kazakhstan, France |
The most valuable variety of corundum rubin. The most important yogo genera are bought from M'yanmi (Mogok), Thailand, Sri-Lance and India. Rubin genera are also found in Tanzania, Pakistan, Norway, Greece (Macedonia), Switzerland (Campolungo, Tessin canton) and in.
The order of ruby middle corundum is valued sapphire. The most beautiful sapphires are found from roses near Kashmir (India), moreover, garni sapphires are found near Sri-Lance, Kampuchea (Pailin), Thailand and Myanmi. Varto also guessed the origins of sapphire in Australia, Madagascar, Brazil and the USA (Montana). Corundum fantasy zabarvleny come most importantly from Sri Lanka, Tanzania and Australia.
City of people spinels, as a rule, genetically and extensively related to the corundum genera and, for example, in M'yanmi, Shri Lanzi, Tajikistan.
Main genera noble opal roztashovanі in Australia (black opal), Mexico (fire and "moon" opal), in the lower parts of Central America, as well as in the USA and Brazil. In Africa, the wise men fell in love with Ethiopia. Known for noble opal in Russia.
The most valuable variety of beryl emerald, the main genera of this kind of roztashovan in Colombia (smaragdovo mine Muzo, Chivor-Somondoko, Buenavista, Gahala), near Zimbabwe (Sandavan), near the PAR (Leidsdorp near the Transvaal), in Pakistan, Zambia, India, Brazil and Russia. Current in the Urals). In addition, emeralds are found in Australia, Norway and Austria (Khabakhtal).
The largest genera are found in Colombia. The most important mine “Muzo” is mined for 100 km at the staging area of Bogotá. Smaragdi were obtained here by the Inks, then the birthplace was forgotten and reborn by the Spaniards of the 17th century. The development of this genus is carried out like adits, and in a smart way. M'aka smaragd breed is fluffed up by a mechanical path, and then sorted out manually. The rocks that contain are black carbonaceous-carbonate slates. Associated minerals: albite, apatite, aragonite, barite, calcite, dolomite, fluorite, pyrite. Another important ancestor is the Chivor mine, which is located on the pіvnіch vіd Bogota; vines were spread on the mountain slopes, at a height of 2360 m. all the robots were succumbed, the birthplace was abandoned and forgotten. Anew yogi was released at the turn of our century. Vmіshchuychi spawn here - grayish-black slates and gray vapnyaks. In a row from the opening of the rozrobkoy genus, not long ago it began to grow in the same adits. In the rest of the decade, new genera were born in Colombia, and in the middle of them, the second genera of Gahala, located near Chivor.
The Colombian order of many fates is trying to establish control over the sale of emeralds, and more products are sold to the market through illegal routes. For faceting, the appendages are no more than a third of the known emeralds. Clearances of high-thickness, redkishne stones, sounding of stones with a wide range of mountains, cracked and redundant inclusions.
Brazil has the most genera in the states of Bahia, Goias and Minas Gerais. Їхнє promissory meaning is small. Brazilian emeralds are lighter than Colombian ones, more importantly yellowish green, albeit richly clean.
In the other half of the 1950s, the genera of the emeralds grew in Zimbabwe. The largest of them is the "Sandavana" mine in the countryside. Crystals of emerald here are friable, aloe garnoi likeness. The rocks that contain are represented by hornblende schists.
At Pivnіchny Transvaal (PAR), emeralds are obtained by modern methods, from zastosuvannyam mehanizatsії (mines "Kobra" and "Sommerset"). Here, only 5% of the raw materials are used for faceting, the stone grating is too light or kalamutne, and that goes for cabochon. Seeing emeralds and in dry Mozambique, which is the most significant of the birthplaces of Morois and Maria III, on the pivdenno-zahidny end of the emerald zone, which stretches for dozens of kilometers. Other varieties of beryl may be richly less valuable.
Aquamarini are found in Brazil (pieces of Minas Gerais, Espiritu Santo, Bahia Seira), near Northern Africa (Mozambique, Kenya, Zimbabwe), near Namibia, in Madagascar and in Russia (Siberia). Rozhev was taken to know in Madagascar, Brazil, Mozambique and the USA (California).
Zhovti, yellow-green and bezbarvni took to be the leading rank from Brazil, from Madagascar, from Namibia and from South Africa, as well as from other regions of the world.
The most valuable variety of pomegranates - demantoid- Obtained in Russia (Urals) and in Italy (Fassatal, Alpi). In insignificant numbers, it occurs in Namibia, Korea, Iran, Ukraine, Congo, Sri-Lance, Pakistan, Switzerland and the USA. In Russia, in the home of Karkodin, the rodovishche was planted near the Karkodin transshipment station near the river. Upper Ufaley. Demantoids there settle down on the walls of cracks at the sight of solitary crystals or shields and succulent granular masses. Crystals of high-quality demantoid can be sized 2-10 mm, weight - 0.25 to 5-6 carats.
Pirop come from Sivbi. Czech Republic, PAR, Madagascar, Brazil and South Africa. A changeable variety of the pyrope-almandine series, known under the name rhodolite, as a jewelry stone, is only seen in Tanzania and Madagascar.
Almandin seen in India and Sri-Lance.
Spessartin know Madagascar and Brazil; grossular (gesonit) - in Shri Lanzi and in Skhidniy Africa. Particularly high chromium grossulars are still only found in Tanzania. Translucent varieties of grossular are also seen in PAR.
Genera of ogranic olivine ( chrysolite or peridot) are distributed in APE (Saint John near the Red Sea), Myanmar, USA and Norway.
Z piroksenіv schodo important expensive stones є thirstyі spodumene. The best of jade's genera can be in its own order M'yanma (Taumau), cutting jewelery spodumes are taken from Brazil, from Madagascar and from the USA (California). Rodovishcha zhadeїtu vyrobnyh cultivars native to Russia.
Yellow, brown and orange erysipelas topazi good quality is less common in Brazil (pc. Minas Gerais, near Oruo Preto). From the history of the genera of horn-bearing topaz near Nimechchina (Schneckenstein near Saxony) and Russia. Brown topaz comes, moreover, from Mexico and Russia. Barbless and black topazes are found in Brazil, Russia, Zimbabwe and Namibia.
beautiful greenery tourmaline they are found in Namibia, Brazil, Northern Africa, in Madagascar and in Sri-Lance, red tourmaline - in Brazil, Northern Africa in the USA (California), in Russia they get erysipelas and raspberry-red rubels.
Zirconi it is important to know in Thailand, Sri Lancia, in Northern Africa, in Madagascar and in Brazil.
Zozit, like an expensive stone (that is the blue of the gap and the green of the variety, which shines through) is still only in Tanzania.
Burshtin zustrіchaєtsya leading rank of Russia, Poland, Lithuania vzdovzh zberezhzhya Baltic Sea, th Dominican Republic (Rіdkіsny blakitniy burshtin).
Three genera of quartz, zokrema gіrsky krishtal, next, persh for everything, denoting the origins of Brazil, Madagascar and India.
Amethyst are found in Brazil, Uruguay, Zambia, Namibia and Madagascar. Genera of amethysts are also found in Russia, USA, Mexico, France, Germany and some other countries.
Guided riddles about relatives citrine be known as the leading rank in Brazil, Madagascar, Spain and England (order with other countries).
Dimchasty quartz zustrichaetsya in Brazil, in Madagascar and in Russia, and erysipelas - in Brazil, Mozambique, PAR and India.
Chrysoprase during the given hour it is important to come from Australia (pc. Queensland). Other genera are found near Frankonia (Nimechchina), near Silesia (Poland), Kazakhstan and near Skhidny Africa.
Order with genera, scho to make history agativ in Sicily, Nіmechchinі (Іdar-Oberstein and Saxony) industrially important, which may have a light meaning, and also the genera of agatіv in Brazil, Uruguay, in Madagascar, in Namibії and Morocco.
Among carbonates, only malachiteі rhodochrosite. Malachite genera are associated with copper ore genera and the leading rank of the Congo, Zambia and Russia (wishing the glory of the Ural stone is already in the past), Kazakhstan; jewelry rhodochrosite is still only found in Argentina.
Z Phosphate in this value is less turquoise. The main genera are found in Iran, China and the USA. Turquoise of low clarity is suitable for the market from Mongolia. Next, guess also the genera on the Sinai Peninsula (Egypt), which are of daily historical interest. In Russia, there are small manifestations of turquoise in Altai and the Polar Urals.
Prozory lazulite Juveryno Yaveli is itching the deprivation of Brazili, I hoped by the Rodovitia Lazulit VIDOZH in the Swiss, Angoli, Congo Austi (in the Alpish veins), the yogo sort of iochi-Mamsko-Chuysky district of the Irkutskiy,
Of the silicates in the group of amphiboles, next to designate genera jade.
The most important of them are near New Zealand, on Pivdenny Island; in Russia (Baikal Mountains Region), China (West Kun-Lun Ridge, Karakash River), Canada, Australia, USA, Poland and New Guinea.
City of people lapis lazuli(Lapis lazuli) rose in Afghanistan, Russia (Baikal), Tajikistan (Pamir) and Chile.
Rhodonite to walk, head rank, PAR and Australia. The genera of rhodonite are also in Japan and the USA.
The only family in the world charoita seen in Russia.
To the great and important in rich types of diapason groups of brown copalins, one can see stone stone or self-flowering. Groups of such stones, and on this day, do not have clear vіdmіnnosti and accepted scorching names, so the self-flowering is more understandable and can zastosovuvatisya to rich stones, minerals or rocks, yakі can zastosovuvatisya pіd hour of preparation jewelry sets chi other galuzahs. Still, gemstones are classified as expensive, similar to expensive and virobnі minerals and breeds. All the stinks are clear and colorful, and they are so bright, like:
- great mentality
- transparency
- unimaginably zabarvlennya (baby)
- syaivo and blisk
- high light roses
- the possibility of faceting, polishing and polishing.
Mineral gaps are vicorated mainly for faceting, and colored stones are used for various decorations and in jewelry. Well, obviously, all self-flowering minerals are valued for beauty, rareness and durability.
Methods for vidobutka stone
Looks like expensive stone shoes started from immemorial hours. It can be boldly affirmed that the first species of booth was standing at that moment, if on earth, on the sea coast, or in the mountains, a small stone, invisible behind the shape of its beauty, was found.
Today, all the stones are resolutely twisted: the mountain breeds are identified, their journey and warehouse are analyzed. Later, the discovery of genera is being developed, drilling of the Sverdlovin is carried out and special samples are taken. In some cases, the birthplace is still growing, and the work is already underway. However, the known genera become recognizable, only if it is possible to recognize, as a quantity of expensive stone can be found.
In this way, to carry out a look of koshtovnosti, they signify fallowly in the form of their value. It is rare to finish it, but it traples, that the stone lived deeply, to be known without intermediary in the mother breed, and here it is a kind of boot, obviously, twisty. Ale is mainly the source of self-flowering - ce rossipi. The stinks trap empty nodules, in the middle of which there are crystals, called geodes. Look stinks like a magnificent boulder, but even as you open it, then you can reveal unimaginable sparkling crystals: purple amethyst, yellow citrine and other minerals. And the axis of such stones fell like that, chalcedony or agate can be in bulbs with gas, settled with basalt and andesite lava. On the parent rock, there is a middle ground, vivitryuvannya, erosion, as a result of which the accumulation of minerals is accumulated, so the titles are eluvial roses, or the stone for the help of wood streaks is planted in the rivers (aluvial-marine rose) or else. For example, on the island of Sri Lanka, in pebble roses, such expensive stones as sapphires, rubies and spinels were found. And on the coastal-oceanic roses, which are found in the western part of Africa, diamonds have been found, like a way of passing a few tons of coastal sand. Practically the same situation is with Burshtin, like a rich Baltic protector. Even more self-flowering, on the vіdmіnu vіd іnеralіv, bіlsh shіlnі i protsіdannya they vіdbuvаєєєєєєєєєєєє їєєєєє єєє ії іх іх міх іх іх міх ітік slacken.
Tse, so called, “natural naming” gives indecent loads, for an hour just to finish a primitive washing of the soil. Ale, varto signify that such roses of stones should sound like no more than like shards, even in the process of such a process, ushkodzhennya is more expensive, or crushed into fragments. Therefore, in order to find valuable minerals, it is necessary to separate the roots by crushing the hard rock. Tse important, long and vitreous work, even if it is necessary to use non-acidic syrovina, including empty rock. І variety of gems for such a variety of things.
At this hour, diamonds are seen behind the help of kimberlite pipes - all trumpet-like bodies with different sizes, which have been hidden after bursting with gas. There are over 1,000 such pipes available, less than a dozen of them are used for industrial production. As a rule, the crowds are not large, it is more important than single crystals. The greatest knowledge was revealed in Pivdenniy Africa, the diamond "Cullinan" became three thousand more than three thousand carats. Russian diamonds can be found near the greater Yakutsk region, only a small part was found near Arkhangelsk. Ale vikoristanny of kimberlite pipes is no longer possible, de-no-de to be brought to vikoristovuvat subterranean vidobutok, which vіdznyaetsya already high varіstyu.
For the vidobotka of minerals-self-flowers, you can vicorist the underground robot (Hirsky virobitok) or use the method (kar'єr). It was more obvious that the peculiarity of the underground robots is the height of the height, this way it can be distinguished with the exact designation of the mineral body, rich in gems. Zdebіlgogo tse, zvichayno, diamonds, the real price of which can pay back the cost of stains.
Varto signify that in rich lands, it is costly, the first for everything, Africa and Asia, vicory is more importantly primitive methods and vidobutka. As a rule, they simply pick up expensive stones from different surfaces of the earth. For help, the spring of the river will lead the washing of the soil. In this case, it should be noted that the consumption of such gems, such as beryl, tourmaline or quartz, is required. More minerals with smaller scales below three units of the Mohs scale stand out from the rose, which can be used as a mean, and the names of the surface of the earth. When covering with soil, yogo is cleaned or curved in a mechanical way, or simply by hand. For example, enthusiastic amateurs were looking for a gem of celestine from Turkmenistan, which may not be an abandoned relative. And on the Kola Pivostrovo near the mountain range of Keiva, the largest deposit of such a mineral, like amazonite, was found. Vіn vіdrіznyaєtsya marvelous color and yogo plastics are already close. For yoga, the delivery of the booth is carried out by helicopter technology, even if it is impossible to deliver yoga in any other way. In these places themselves, kianit, garnet, and staurolite were revealed. But the robots are carried out by the hands of enthusiasts and small robot teams.
Peculiarities of vidobutka in different countries
The norms for vidobutku and the development of gemstones-minerals in all lands are set differently. For example, in the Happy States there is a topaz valley and a species of topaz can be spent there by a great person, but only for the help of a hand tool. And even though in some lands the law required an additional allowance for the sighting of some expensive stones, then in Africa there are villages, as if they were only found for the money of those who knew nearby gold roses. Quartz, emerald, aquamarine, color tourmaline are also found here. Inhabitants of the force use their hands to get the money, and then resell it to the stinger, capturing it for a penny. However, more knowledge is spent on jewelry markets already at a high piece price. The same is worthy of the genera of Guinea, where the production of diamond roses will not require special vitrates, so far there is no sovereign control of those nasty things. As a result, there is no real assessment of the impact of a vidobut expensive stone.
Features of vidobutka in Russia
As far as Russia is concerned, then there is no need for any legislative norms and rules. The Federal Law describes only diamonds, emeralds, rubies, sapphires, oleksandrite, pearls and burshtin. However, in the Russian market there are over a thousand different minerals-self-flowers, before that more genera have already been discovered.
A lot of self-flowering unique and їх varіst already high, for example, tse Yakutsk charm. The stone of the buzkovy color is miraculously polished, victorious for the preparation of finer embellishments and various decorations. More than a hundred tons are commonly seen, otherwise, for transported goods, it is possible to use stocks. This rare gem, navit being uncultivated, can cost over a hundred dollars per kilo.
We will guide the butt and situation with jasper. Even in the Soviet Socialist Republic, work was carried out on the largest birthplace near Orenburg, while jasper was harvested at least three hundred tons on the river. Stone zastosovuvavsya for budіvnitstvu subway near Moskvі and z yogo z yogi carried out the renovation of the Kremlin. Prote from the 90s, the birthplace was abandoned, even though there was still a stock of about seven thousand tons left. In the given hour of the robot, it is recognized, accepted, seen a license for a vidobotok, but at least the Petersburg firm took up the job, and not the miners.
A variety of expensive gemstones is rightfully respected by labor and right labor and for this impersonal reason. Nasampered, otzhe, no geological survey is carried out. The last successful knowledge became in the mid-90s. Todi in the Republic of Tiwa was revealed black jasper. The gemstone is not distinguished by its special beauty, it prote may have an overarching spirituality. A previous estimate showed that the found birthplace was worth over 500,000 tons. І tse, maybe, the only success for the rest of the rocks. The relatives that have been lost, as a rule, are mostly little explored, or they have already turned their own.
And if there are inexpensive gems, then the stench flared up, as a rule, є vypadkovym vіdkrittyam for rahunok revealed by the sucess of other kopalins. Until then, even though the appearance of a precious stone, if it is to be clothed with a power, there is a special license, then, those who are worth other minerals, the stench will be spared, be it their appearance. For example, Buryatia is famous for its jade genera. And there is jade of green zabarvlennya, black and navіt tsіnnogo white. According to the official statistics, it is illegal to plant over two hundred tons of stone, and maybe six hundred tons of stone. Most of the minerals are not processed and delivered to China, which is also worth this stone and vicorist yoga in rich galleys. In Chinese markets, the price of jade can reach two hundred dollars per kilogram, and even if it is more, it is ten times higher. And in Russia, the price of a stone is ten - fifteen dollars a kilo. In this manner, the budget of Buryatia is spending a lot of great money.
As long as the government is nurtured by gems on the legislator’s level, do not fall into the waters, but rather visit such non-primary lands, in which it is possible to choose and populate the collection of gemstone minerals. There are quartz, calcite and other minerals, and the coast of the White Sea with amethyst deposits and other miracles. Even if those who are an income for the state power, then for the great people the opportunity to enjoy the natural wonders and see the energy of the extraordinary Kazakh gems is happy.
People adorn themselves with expensive stones from old hours. Just a vidobutok wearing a spontaneous character. Specially to get natural stone, people learned not long ago. The development of genera and sales of jewelry pieces bring great value to businesses.
Yakі buvayut see genera
Rare, beautiful minerals are seen to be koshtovnosti. Їх is not so rich, naivіdomishі - diamonds, sapphires, topazes. A great group is made up of a variety of minerals, which look no less beautiful and vicarious for the preparation of embellishments.
The leather mineral has its own birthplace, fallow in the warehouse of the navkolishnіkh mountain breeds. Sound, the development of these genera is carried out for hundreds of years, new genera are rarely born. Vіdomi mіstsya a bottle of jewelry stone:
- Yakutia and Namibia - diamonds;
- Iran - turquoise;
- Pakistan - rubies;
- Sri Lanka - sapphires and rubies;
- Ural - topazi.
There are three types of genera: hirska virobitki, vіdkritі kar'єri, rossipi. At times, the minerals are water-creamed from the mountainous rocks in the process of erosion, they are taken away by streams of water. Vidobutok kamen_v at rossipah is carried out by the method of manual washing.
Gіrskі virobіtki - tse underground mines, in yaky for help manual work go to the production of an expensive stone. On the back of the head will be a rozvіduvalnu virobka, shchob vyznachit quantity and quality of minerals.
- Tse rozrobka brown copalins and minerals in the balls of girsky rocks. Take the rozrobki kar'єr dig daedalі glibshe. The largest quarry is found in Chile, its size is 3x4 m, the depth is 850 m.
Footwear
As a rule, the birthplace develops in a vipadkovo way, without stosuvannya tekhnіchnіchnyh zabіv chi scientific base. Specially, only the most expensive stones - diamonds - whisper. On the site of the expensive stone, there will be a supply of footwear.
See the garnish for shoes:
- The mines are great enterprises for the production of brown copalins under the earth in the most appropriate way;
- Kopalnі - mines and kar'єri for the production of semi-flowers;
- Kopi - mines for the production of brown copalins, digging by hand.
Available methods for the production of expensive stone
The methods of vidobutka of the semi-precious stone were practically the same as those of a long time ago. For the help of shovels, build a mine; Call the robot to repair the order from the river, you can wash the breed from the yakіy. In the process of production, workers know 1-2 gems per cat from the breed. After that, the process is repeated backwards. Sell your knowledge shukachi at auctions and local markets. Fahіvtsі їх obroblyayat and zdayat at the shops.
On the market, gems without houses are valued. You can only signify better. Vіn to carry out anterior processing and faceting of minerals. For example, sapphires are used to make a garnier wine. The meister is guilty of the nobility of the power of the stone, schob to infuriate the koshtovnіst vіd pіdrobki.
Vidobutok in Sri Lanka
Shri-Lanzi has a type of stone bottles going by hand. With the help of automatic devices, there are less pumps, yakі vіdkachuyut underground water. Mines are just digging in rice fields. Excavators and other equipment are not vikoristovuyutsya, because after them lakes and swamps are flooded.
Sri Lanka sees that the whole island is avenged by the faceless minerals. There are half of the species of stone found here, which are vicarious for jewelry making. The distribution is carried out by private scammers for a special license, and it is necessary to pay a fee.
Primitive method and vidobottle
The simplest way to develop an expensive stone is to choose the bridges of the mountain rivers. Growths of crystals perebuvayut at the surface, they can be sown at the gorges of the skel. Beat them with a hammer and a chisel; Vibuhovі speech zastosovuyutsya rarely, shards can damage the value of minerals.
Another way is to look for a booth at the girl's river. Її specially priskoryuyut, so that the water flowed faster. Workers stand by the water and use long poles to make the bottom. Light food components are taken away by water, and semi-precious stones are left lying on the bottom.
The best way to get gems is the life of deep mines. They will use special equipment, they will re-create, so that the walls do not sag. The entrance is closed to the Ukrainians on the board. Ground water pumps. Natural stones lie at the food ball, at the new one there is a vidoboot. Horizontal vibrations occupy a few meters under the ground.
Vykoristannya vibukhivka
Gіrskі galleries will be near hard rocks for additional vibrating. This way is vitratny for an hour and forces, that they go to the new one, as if it were the impression of the lining of an expensive stone. Call the species of gemstones to join the geological exploration and production of other minerals.
The main problem of all digging and digging is stealing. The stench doesn’t just zavdat zbitkiv shukachs and garnished shoe businesses, but lower the price of gems on the market. Therefore, serious companies diligently protect their mines.
Rozrobka expensive kamіnnya zdіysnyuєtsya in gіrskih breeds, girls rivers and vіdkrituyu soil. In some lands, an independent species of booty has been fenced off; Other countries allow such a trade for obtaining a license.