What to enter at the screening of the 2nd trimester. On what terms of vaccinity should another prenatal screening be performed, which is indicated for ultrasound? Vіdhilennya vіd normi
Under the hour of vacancy, the doctors look after the future mother and the little one. In order not to miss the unsafe illness, which can be blamed on the fetus, fahivtsі direct the vaginal women in the skin trimester for screening. Tse hvilyuyuchiy process, but the diagnosis is easier to pass.
Screening 2nd trimester
The method of diagnosis is the analysis of a vagit woman, the development of a child's development, physiological signs in a child, which could be missed at the first screening, or they could not be revealed on early terms. So, before the doctor, a task was set to confirm or to ask for a diagnosis, set after the frontal obstezhennya.
Falsely, depending on the indication of fahivets, one of the diagnostic options can be recognized:
- ultrasound - the doctor to carry out obstezhennia on ultrasound preparations, determine the parameters of the child, review the presence of pathologies, anomalies in the development;
- biochemical - blood is taken from women for the indication of low hormones;
- combinations - ultrasound and biochemical blood analysis are carried out.
As a rule, the future mother is sent for ultrasound or combination screening. Ale vagіtna zhіnka for bazhannym can go to the other places. For example, at the women's consultation, they will work on ultrasound diagnostics, and the private clinic will build a biochemical blood test.
At the screening of the 2nd trimester, a biochemical blood test may indicate special indications
Purpose of diagnostics
Although the vaginess proceeds calmly, in women's consultations it is often given directly less for the passage of ultrasound.
Offended twice, if I checked for a child, for the first screening we were sent to the regional center. There they performed an ultrasound scan and took blood for a biochemical analysis (for the detection of pathologies). Another screening was held at a woman's consultation at the city where I live, and it was indicated that there were more ultrasound and blood tests: upper, VIL, RW, hepatitis. Meni doctors did not advocate biochemical analysis. Perhaps, because I was not included in the risk group, the results of the first screenings were normal.
Іsnuє a number of indications, for any woman, ultrasound examination, obov'yazkovo may give shelter for biochemical indications:
- Vіk mother ponad 35 rokіv;
- the child was conceived by fathers, like close relatives one to one;
- filthy recession in children's fathers - chromosomal pathology in children, or even children, people with genetic diseases;
- threat of pregnancy interruption;
- tragic end of the anterior vacancies:
- zavmirannya fetus;
- wikidays;
- dead people plaid;
- front canopies;
- acceptance of likiv, yakі cannot be accepted at the wine-making of a child;
- drug addiction, alcoholism;
- importantly, wash your hands;
- possible mothers, shilln to radiation prominence before conception and in the first pregnancy;
- genetic disease of the mother, which is transmitted from the fall:
- circulatory diabetes;
- bronchial asthma;
- cirrhosis and in;
- іnfektsiyni chi viral infection of the mother during the period of pregnancy;
- oncopathology of the mother;
- pathology in the development of the fetus, revealed by the first screening.
Someday mothers may have the right not to undergo diagnostics, for which it is necessary to write a statement about the diagnosis, a form for which you can ask the doctor.
A lot of fahіvtsіv do not hover decisions to skip the obstezhennia, so that some problems, revealed in these terms, can be successfully solved.
Still, I overcame my medicine 🙂 Having read everything in the world and learned that it was for analysis, I wrote to my widow for screening. Ninі other vagіtnіst. For tsey hour moved - likar іnsha. To my words about Vidmova, she categorically said that it’s not possible at once, blah blah, rich down… well, everything is just the same. The price was for the first consultation. In front of another, I refreshed this topic in my memory (after all, 4.5 years passed!), Virishila that I WILL NOT work on this analysis. Pivnochi joked about the appropriate words, misled the tactics of moving 🙂 From the thread to the threats 🙂 Viyshlo! Why am I glad of you 🙂 You can look into it if it’s something that the doctor didn’t say, and if you had any instructions internally, you wouldn’t finish it! I wrote a letter to the advisory about the first screening (I will write another one later) what not to bring) and ultrasound (maybe) tezh.
https://www.babyblog.ru/community/post/living/1706857
Terms of the follow-up
The woman should be sent for obstezhennya from the 16th day. The best terms for screening are 16-20 tizhniv. Deyakі likarі see direction until 24 th of September.
For my reasons, in the first week of pregnancy, I was directed to an ultrasound scan on the 21st day, in another - on the 20th day.
From the 16th to the 20th day of pregnancy, it is necessary to undergo screening for the 2nd trimester
Ultrasound and biochemical blood analysis
On the ultrasonic examination, the doctors continue the life of the future mother and the baby.
Women's fahivets evaluate:
- placenta mill:
- rotting;
- comradeship;
- stages of maturity;
- camp of women's state bodies:
- uterus;
- appendages;
- cervix;
- ovaries;
- obsyag navkoloplіdnih waters.
The child's fahivets wonder:
- life of internal organs;
- fetal parameters (fetometry):
- spist;
- belly head;
- dozhina stegna, gomіlki and іn.
Biochemical blood analysis includes early indications:
- rіven chorionic gonadotropin - CGL. This hormone allows you to save vaginess, infusing it with leakage. The results of the analysis of this indicator can provide information about possible pathologies;
- rіven estriol - EU. This hormone is injected into the molding of the ducts in the milk glands. Yogo pokazniki to talk about those in which the utero-placental krovoobig is found;
- rіven alpha-fetoprotein - AFP. The whole white of the blood serosa of the embryo. Take care of the child with life-giving elements. The ratio of this hormone gives information about the development of the fetus;
- rіven іngіbіnu А. For the presence of fetal syndromes, associated with chromosomal abnormalities, the growth hormone rises. Changes in the level of concentration may indicate fetoplacental insufficiency.
Preparation for screening
No preparation is needed before ultrasound. Drink water, as required for the first screening, not required. Ale before biochemical analysis follow:
- dobu sit on a diet - do not eat fatty and lubricated food, seafood, citrus fruits, chocolate and other allergenic products;
- do not take blood samples (if possible) the day before blood sampling;
- not on the day of the analysis;
- drink non-carbonated water, but not rich.
Variability of diagnostics
If a woman is to stand on her face in a woman’s consultation, the doctor is guilty of seeing that she is directed to a non-combine deflation.
If I was pregnant, I had a woman's consultation, until I was attached, I saw future mothers being directed to ultrasound without cost. Obid two times 2nd trimester screening for me without financial expenses.
Private clinics, which are engaged in the management of vaginess, can also provide services for the screening of the 2nd trimester of vaginess. Orientation variant of diagnostics - from 1500 to 5000 UAH.
Deciphering the results
Screening passed. The future mother takes the whiskers into her hands, for whom the results of the scalding are prescribed. It is possible to comprehend how ostentatious things are, without being able to provide special illumination, but for some reason, the meaning of blame is richly energized.
ultrasound
As it is respectful to read the doctor's notes and decipher the results of the passed ultrasound, you can put together a clear picture about the excess of the vaccinity and the development of the baby. Let's take a look at the parameters of those norms, yak fahіvtsі vkazuyut in the epicrisis.
Vaga that growth of the fetus
An important indicator, which informs about the development of a child in the womb:
- nadto a small vaga fetus vkazuє on imovіrnіst syndromes, povyazanih z porushennyam number of chromosomes, for example Edward's syndrome or Patau's syndrome;
- a critically low vaga can be a sign of a grub and sour starvation, an increase in the development of the fetus and a decrease in vagity;
- zayva masa to talk about the possible development of pathologies of the central nervous system, or blemishes that are typical for hemolytic ailments (blood insanity of the fetus and mother).
Table: Approximate indicators of the vagina and growth of the fetus
Bipariental head examination (BDP)
This pokaznik is won by a path to win the vimir vіdstanі vіd odnієї skronі to іnshої. The line that crosses the insults of the thymus cyst is to pass through the center of the head perpendicularly to the line drawn from the frontal to the tibial cyst.
Behind this parameter, the term of vagity is assigned, so that the indicator is indicated by the terms exact for other.
Vidminnosti pokaznikіv BDP vіd norma can tell a lot about what:
- for the high data of the BPR, the specialist will assess the value of the smaller parts of the body. As all showings are equally divided, so that it is possible to admit that a woman will have a great child;
- with an increase in the parameters of BDP, frontal-polytylic growth (LZR) and head count (OH), we already know about the diagnosis of hydrocephalus, which could have been caused by intrauterine infection. Qi data can be applied to the downy or cerebral hernia;
- as indicators of BPR, LZR and OH of lower average values, other parameters are greater, then more for everything, microcephaly, ailment, which are characterized by a small mass of the brain and pink steel;
- However, the data on BDP are significantly less than the norm, to talk about the syndrome of intrauterine development of the fetus (SZVR).
Table: indicators of BDP
Frontal-potilichny rozmir (LZR)
This pokaznik is won by a path of vimіryuvannya vіdstanі vіd forehead to politica. The line that goes behind the forehead and the sweaty brush is to pass through the center of the head perpendicularly to the line drawn from the crown to the crown.
Indicators of LZR spivv_dnosit іz indicators of BPR. Let's make a diagnosis in different cases, so that we can recover from the norm. Conducting indications, however, overwhelm the BPR parameters.
Table: indicators of LZR
Circumference and shape of the head
Together with BPR and LZR, the lіkar marvels at the shape of the head. In a healthy child, the head may be oval, rounded or dovgast form. A half-nose-like or lemon-like head indicates the genetic development of the fetus.
Table: head count indicators
Dovzhina stegna, gomіlka, shoulders that front
On diagnostics, the parameters of obov'yazkovo are also significant. The stench allows you to give a clear picture of the correct development of the skeleton. Fahіvets mozhe vіdpraviti on dodatkove obstezhennja, yakshcho ultrasound will show a sharp shortness of all kintsіvok or raznu dovzhina hands that nіg.
Table: indicators of dozhina stegna, gomilka, shoulder, dozhina and front dress
Parameter name | The term vagity | Indicators of the norm (average value, mm) | Lower boundary, mm | Upper boundary, mm |
Dovzhina stegna | 16 tyzhniv | 21 | 17 | 23 |
17 tyzhniv | 24 | 20 | 28 | |
18 tyzhniv | 27 | 23 | 31 | |
19 tyzhniv | 30 | 26 | 34 | |
20 tyzhniv | 33 | 29 | 37 | |
Dovzhina gomіlka | 16 tyzhniv | 18 | 15 | 21 |
17 tyzhniv | 21 | 17 | 25 | |
18 tyzhniv | 24 | 20 | 28 | |
19 tyzhniv | 27 | 23 | 31 | |
20 tyzhniv | 30 | 26 | 34 | |
Shoulder sleeve | 16 tyzhniv | 15 | 12 | 18 |
17 tyzhniv | 18 | 15 | 21 | |
18 tyzhniv | 20 | 17 | 23 | |
19 tyzhniv | 23 | 20 | 26 | |
20 tyzhniv | 26 | 22 | 29 | |
Dovzhina in front of | 16 tyzhniv | 18 | 15 | 21 |
17 tyzhniv | 21 | 17 | 25 | |
18 tyzhniv | 24 | 20 | 28 | |
19 tyzhniv | 27 | 23 | 31 | |
20 tyzhniv | 30 | 26 | 34 |
Dovzhina nose brush
Scientists have recently shown that there is an interrelationship between the size of the nasal brush and the physical development. If there are no indications according to the norms of the doctor, the future mother can be diagnosed with fetal chromosomal abnormalities.
Table: indications of the length of the nasal brush
Abdominal circumference
An important showman that allows you to diagnose SZVR hourly. If given significantly lower than average values, fahivets can make a diagnosis.
Table: indicators of the stake of the abdomen
Amniotic Rhythm Index (IAR)
This index shows the total amount of rain waters:
- in times of difference, in the middle values, jubilation is assigned;
- with low showings, put low water. Whom is diagnosed with a threat of infection;
- for high showings, put a rich leader. It’s not threatening to misbehave the fetus, morbidity, bleeding in the mother and talk about the infection, which is passing or the mass is small.
Table: IAZh indicators
Other shows
Doctors wonder how the organs of a baby develop:
- head brain;
- heart;
- legends;
- intestines;
- ridge;
- sich mikhur;
- slide;
- nirks.
Fakhіvtsі revіryayut in children:
- presence of vuh;
- vіdsutnіst gorge rota;
- eye development;
- correct number of fingers on the hands and feet.
On ultrasound, the doctor indicated the frequency of the heartbeat. After the 11th of Monday, the norm may be 140-160 soon for the fluff.
If an ultrasound scan was performed at our woman's consultation, the doctor turned on the speakers, so you could feel how the baby's heart beats. Tsey sound viklikav indescribably vidchuttya and deaf on me calmly. For me, the rhythms of the heart meant that everything was fine with the child.
Fahivets on ultrasonic follow-up:
- signifies the placenta. It may be attached to the back of the anterior wall of the uterus. It is important that there was no early maturation of the placenta, otherwise the fetus may cause hypoxia;
- evaluate the tone of the uterus
- to marvel at the umbilical cord, її tovshchina, the number of vessels, which may be three, like the blood flow through the vessels;
- overturning the cervix, in which the internal cervix is guilty of buti occlusion;
- evaluate the efficiency of the suture, yakscho to the level of vagity was carried out by caesarean roztin.
On these terms one can recognize to become a child of the future.
Even more often, the fathers, at another screening, find out who they will be born with: a boy or a girl. Ale trapleyayutsya vpadki, if the child is lying in such a rank, scho to become unseen. For example, my sister only after the third screening recognized that she was checking for a son.
Biochemical screening
Indicators taken away as a result of blood sampling can also provide a lot of information.
AFP
Indicators can be higher and lower for the average:
- higher than the average can be used for:
- Shereshevsky-Turner syndrome,
- great plaid,
- rich vagity,
- viral infection of the liver in the fetus;
- below the middle can be indicated by:
- Down Syndrome,
- Edwards Syndrome,
- standing at the rosette,
- the threat of forward canopies.
Table: AFP values in normal
Indicator ЄЗ
As a prankster equal to the hormone of addictions, as a rule, there is little turbulence about what. Better for everything, the woman has a great plaid, or a rich vagitsity. A low rate can be said about Down's syndrome, a viral infection in children aboriginal early stages.
Table: the value of free estriol is normal
HGL indicator
Although the indications do not correspond to the norm, there is more evidence of presence in the fetus of an illness associated with chromosomal abnormalities.
Table: normal HGL values
Ingibine A
The value of this hormone changes during 9 months of pregnancy. In the period when screening is carried out in the 2nd trimester, yogo rіven is in the range of 50-324 pg / ml.
In normal yoga, the indicator can become 2 MOM. The revisiting of this equal amount gives a clue to the development of swelling, the development of fetoplacental insufficiency, Down's syndrome. There were fluctuations, if the other values were normal, the crime was Ingibina A, and as a result, the child became healthy. For this reason, the pokazannik should be compared with other screening tributes.
MoM-coefficient
Under the MoM-coefficient, the indicator is considered, which shows the level of the given average value (median).
MoM = The value of the indicator in the patient's blood sputum / The value of the median of the indicator for the term vagity. If the value of MoM for any indicator is close to one, it means that the value is close to the average in the population, if more than one is higher than the average, if lower than one is lower than the average. In case of a risk of illness, a correction of the IOM is carried out with the adjustment of various factors (body weight, chicken, EKO, race thin). The IOM survey is carried out with the help of special software.
Olga Laskina, doctor of clinical laboratory diagnostics
https://www.baby.ru/sp/6235862/blog/post/10093759/
The optimal indicators for the results of another screening are assigned by the following values:
- the lower boundary of the norm - 0.5;
- optimal indicator - 1;
- the upper boundary of the norm is 2.5.
Serious vigilance in the norm and give evidence of suspected pathology in the fetus.
The result of the obstezhennia is recorded in a shot, for example, 1:700.
Table: overall screening results at IOM
Table: illness, which can be allowed for biochemical analysis
Pathologies that may be detected during 2nd trimester screening
Other screenings may have revealed such pathologies.
Down syndrome
One of the widest ailments, mind-boggling in the number of chromosomes. In such people, the Mongol-like rozrіd of the eyes, was flattened, condensed denunciation of that roof. Watch out for the development of that weak immunity.
Children with Down syndrome can be prepared for independent living in a nursing home
People who may have this particular syndrome, have a very wide family, non-aggressive, kind, friendly, hospitable, rich children - they are learning. As a child, the growth of a full-fledged family, її can be prepared to a full-fledged life.
Edwards syndrome
Ill, as well as zoomed in by chromosomal damage. The soundness of such children is recognized by the non-standard shape of the skull, external conchas, and lower fissure. The stench is guarded by the growth of fingers, the presence of anomalies in the development of state organs.
Edwards' syndrome is an illness caused by chromosomal abnormalities.
A child with such illnesses has a physical development, may have cliché-footedness, an abnormal tone of the tongue, abnormal emotional reactions.
Patau Syndrome
Chromosomal pathology, which is characterized by multiple ailments of the cystic-mucosal and nervous systems, eyes, heart and other organs. Quite often, with such a syndrome, a child dies in the womb, which, when ill, is rich in water. Children grow up in a physical and rosy development.
Anencephaly
Illness is characterized by the presence of the brain. The sickness is inescapable from life. Children, people with this vice, live for a few years, rarely - days. I only have a little more vipadkiv, if children with such a disease lived a little bit of fate.
Rarely a child diagnosed with anencephaly can live a lifetime
Spina Bifida
This disease is characterized by an anomaly in the development of the ridge in a child in the womb. Іsnuє kіlka forms of illness. In addition, the pathology is expressed in some form, it can be determined that in the future a person will walk or change his shoes on a disabled visa.
The wealthy children, who suffer from the illness of the back of Bifida, do not develop the lower term.
For this sickness, such a phenomenon is more characteristic, like the destruction of the intestines and the sich mihur. Buvayut ailments from a clearly pronounced hump on the back. With important forms of ailment in children, the lower endings are not found. As a rule, a child, narodzhena with such a vice, is rozumovo saved.
Social networks have a lot of information about such children. At the same time, we can take babies from childish houses and not be afraid of this diagnosis. Bloggers write that often, when people are first, make children have an operation, as they allow them to improve the camp of a child. It’s even richer in case of any ailment to lie down in the form of doctors. In one of my well-known bets a child in the first place after the people had an operation, and the surgeons saw part of the spinal cord. For no reason, the girl does not go.
Shereshevsky-Turner syndrome
Illness is characterized by such signs as:
- low age;
- small vaga;
- too much shkіri on shiї;
- damage to the development of the outer shells;
- barrel-shaped chest.
Against the background of other syndromes, manifested by chromosomal abnormalities, this disease allows people to lead a normal way of life. As a rule, all problems in this pathology are associated with the endocrine system.
Klinefelter syndrome
Illness often occurs, it happens only in people. Shows damage to the robotic endocrine system. It is characterized by an incompetent transformation of human hormones. Sounds emanate from the big breasts, through the daytime tallness on the faces and the tile, small testicles. The sickness can be brought to bezpіddy.
Recent screening result
Doctors zviryayut the results of the first and the other obstezhennya. As a result of diagnosing filth, the future mother will assign an assessment from a geneticist that additional stimulation to confirm the diagnosis. If you think of a geneticist, you can recognize:
- amniocentesis (collection of navcoloplid rіdin);
- cordocentesis (collection of umbilical cord blood).
Officials, what to add to the results of diagnostics
Doctors say that the results of diagnostics can be implied:
- taking hormonal drugs;
- chicken;
- stress;
- vzhivannya alcohol and kavi;
- the growth of that vaga vagіtnoy;
- illness of future mothers: bloody diabetes, colds and so on;
- rich in vagity.
In these cases, there is no sense to conduct a biochemical analysis, to which the indications will be dependent.
Risks that are found during the 2nd screening
There are a lot of myths about the failure of the ultrasound examination. Many fathers are worried that you can make a child healthy.
At the moment, it is recommended to undergo an ultrasound scan for the entire vagity. Such a small number of children is not the head of Shkodi Malyukov. It is most common to prescribe a procedure, as it is a serious indication for this. Ale, richly developed ultrasound work, for which there is no support, not varto. Vcheni do not mention the fact that parts of the investigation can lead to shoddy malyukov.
For future mothers, screening is a painful procedure, but doctors do not recommend skipping it. Even pathologies, shown in these terms, allow the fathers to be prepared until the appearance of a special baby and take a decision, like a child.
The feasibility of modern medicine allows the future mother to know more about the excess of vagity, including the possibility of rebirth in the її excess, to identify those that are not so with the development of the baby. During the day, it is possible to go through the most difficult conditions and the buildings of the strong, while at the same time, at a lower stage of immorality, to install a threat to the normal and natural formation of the fetus. Prenatal screening is one of the complex methods of obstezhennia of vagits.
Other screening for pregnancy: terms
Screening research in the open spaces of the SND has been carried out recently, but through a lot of information, it is actively stagnating in the practice of conducting research. gives the possibility of identifying the group risk of complications in case of pregnancy, and also gives the ability to detect the group risk of the development of congenital pathologies in the fetus. The first screening to be carried out in the first trimester, and another screening for pregnancy, obviously, in the other trimester.
The most important time for the first screening of fahivtsі is to consider the term 12-13 days, although this follow-up may be carried out in the period from 11 to 14 days of pregnancy. Timing frames for another screening with vaccinity lie from 16 to 20 days, although the most optimal for this procedure and the most informative doctors are called 16-17 days of pregnancy.
Other screening for pregnancy: indications
The method of carrying out another screening is to determine the middle of the vagal women of the risk group, if the development of the fetus of chromosomal abnormalities appears to be high.
Screening can be ultrasonic (shows possible fetal abnormalities with additional ultrasound); biochemical (additional markers in blood); and combinable - consists of ultrasonic and biochemical obstezhennia. As a rule, ultrasonic obstezhennia is carried out as part of a screening follow-up for another trimester of vaginess, and another screening in case of vaginess is determined in a blood test for various indications. The results of an ultrasound scan carried out the day before the screening of another trimester of vaginess are taken into account.
The algorithm used during the screening looks like this: after blood donation and ultrasound, you fill out a questionnaire, demonstrating special data, for which the terms of vagity and risk of blood development are determined. The analyzes are based on the term vagity, after which the information for the examination of the risks is processed by the computer program. And yet, the results cannot be considered as a residual diagnosis, if one can speak about the presence of risks, as if the stench was installed. For more detailed and accurate information, the doctor is responsible to refer the test for additional analysis to a consultation with a geneticist.
If you are talking specifically about other screening for vagity, then you are responsible for biochemical follow-up of the mother's blood for special tests. So the title of a random test is the analysis of blood levels of such speeches, like human chorionic gonadotropin (CHL), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and estriol. As another screening for vaccinia transmission is also a blood test for ingibin A, then the test is already called "quadruple". An increase in blood concentrations of these specific hormones and proteins in the blood allows one to speak about the risk of fetal development such as yak (trisomy 21), Edwards syndrome (trisomy 18), neural tube defects (non-closure of the spinal canal and anencephaly).
The results of screening of another trimester of vaginess can be indirectly a sign of some abnormal conditions for fetal development and complication of vaginosti. For example, the occurrence of rіven CGL can be evidence of chromosomal pathology, about the risk of development of preeclampsia, or the presence of uterine diabetes in the mother, about high blood pressure. A decrease in HGL, its blackness, may be a sign of damage to the development of the placenta. PIDVSHESSHNYA ABOVNYA AFP, and to them I ilgibіn A in Sirovatzi Mother, to be destroyed about the normal rosenita of the fetus, the defects of the vidcrito pipe, the triss 21 abdins 18. RISKOKA PIDVISHSHKOVNYA ONELPHENSH. Changing the level of free estriol - a female steroid hormone - can be a signal of the disruption of the functions of the fetoplacental system, the lack of it indicates the possibility of disruption of the development of the fetus.
However, the results of another screening in case of vagity are characterized as unfriendly, angry, and immediately hit on the flashes are not followed. The stench is less likely to speak about the possible risk of anomalies, but it is not a residual diagnosis of any kind in the world. Even if one indicator of screening does not meet the standards, it is important to go through additional comprehensive follow-up. In addition, factors that change the results of screening can be added to indications of screening. Tse: extracorporeal zaplіdnennya, vaga vagіtnoi, tsukroviy diabetes and be-yakі іnshі іnshі іnshі mother іnshі, shkіdlі zvichki, for example kurinnya vagіtnostі. When conducting a biochemical blood test as part of the screening, it is not doable: indications are in the same way depending, and the accuracy of the risk of rozrahuvat in the region is foldable.
Especially for- Tetyana Argamakova
Screening - in translation from English, the word means sorting or sorting. In a word, perinatal screening is a special set of analyses, tests, follow-up, which can give a clear indication of the possibility of recovery in the development of a possible child.
The entire screening is subdivided into the number of trimesters, so that under the hour of the skin period, the future mother is obliged to go through the follow-up appointment.
Screenings are subdivided into subvariant, third and fourth tests that demonstrate those and other hormonal abnormalities in all periods of pregnancy.
Head meta screening - ce subdivided the risk category in the development of congenital vadus in the fetus: Down syndrome, Edwards syndrome, neural tube defects and development. For indications of ultrasound follow-up and the results of a blood test taken from a vein, the result is calculated.
Obviously, at the hour of processing the information, the personal information of the woman is insured (for example, the eyelids, the hair, the bells until the hormonal preparations are stopped for the duration of the pregnancy).
What should be done for screening tests in case of pregnancy?
On ultrasound, we traced the community of the world space (TVP). Її coefіcієnt, yakscho vіn shift 2-2.5 cm, indicating the possibility of presence in a child of Down's syndrome.TVP is vimiruєtsya at suvoro zamezhenih terms of vagity - from 11 to 14 days, to be more precise - up to 12 days. Pіznіshe plіd pіdroste, i pokazniki TVP to waste their information.
In the first trimester blood tests for b-CHL and PAPP-A hormones.
Another screening (16-18 days) does not transmit ultrasound - indications for the new one are taken first. And the blood is needed for the hormone b-CGL, the alpha-protein AFP protein and estriol - so the titles of the “lost test”.
Screening analysis results
The results need to be checked for close to three tyzhniv. Indicators of analyzes are expressed not by numbers, but by MoM, which means multiplicity in medicine. Median is the average statistical indicator for the marker. Beyond the norm, MoM can opine at the boundary of 0.5-2.0. As a result of the analyses, there are signs of normality, also, there is a pathology in the development of the fetus. The progression of CHL may be due to the following: chromosomal defects and development, richness, Rh-conflict. Decreases in CGL are talking about post-mortem vaginess, the threat of a weekday, vaginess that does not develop. An increase and a decrease in AFP to talk about the possibility of chromosomal decline.
The amount of money that depends on the proportions of hormones can also tell about the manifestation of pathologies. Admittedly, with Down syndrome, the AFP indicator is underestimated, and CGL - on the contrary, dependent. In the case of non-critical neural tubes, the increase in the level of alpha protein (AFP) and the decrease in the level of the hormone chorionic gonadotropin HGL. In case of Edwards syndrome, hormone levels are decreased.
Yakshcho є high rizik
For high risk, a woman should be referred for a consultation to a fakhivtsa-geneticist. Here it is necessary to take a more important decision in life. The vices of development, as shown by the results of your experiments, do not lend themselves to exaltation. Here you will be given information about those that you, better for everything, will not be such a child.Geneticist to learn your indications, information about your birth, to clarify, what for the preservation of pregnancy was zastosovanno hormonal healing (Utrozhestan, Duphaston) and obov'yazkovo ahead, scho there are no daily possibilities of recognition of stovidstkovoy accuracy, chi are able to have a small pathology, Von, qi ways, even more difficult: biopsy of the chorion, amniocentesis (taken for an additional puncture in the abdomen of the navcoloplid rіdini), cordocentesis (puncture of the umbilical cord of the fetus). Singing risik in invasive follow-ups.
Unfortunately, there is little information available today for screenings. To reach the high level of inadequacy and the heaviness of non-invasive results. Deyakі likarі vzagalі sperchayutsya about dotsіlnіst produktіvnі such procedures.
In the first three months of pregnancy, all women will undergo the same painless procedure.We give the possibility of recognizing pathology in the development of the fetus. Vіn is formed from the ultrasonic follow-up and blood tests. For carrying out diagnostics, all special data of a woman are insured (pochinayuchi vіd vіku, vagi, manifesting chronic illnesses to severe sounds). They take blood from her veins and perform an ultrasound scan.
Terms of the first screening for vagity
All tsі dії robyat on 10-13 tyzhnі winemaking. Regardless of such a small term, stench helps to reveal genetic chromosomal development in the fetus.Usі vysnovki about the development of the future child to work for the results of the sum of research and analyses. As diagnostics indicated a high level of anomalies in the molded baby, the woman was referred for amniocentosis and CVS.
Riziku group:
- Women, yakim more than 35 years old.
- These are future matus, in some cases children with Down syndrome or other genetic anomalies.
- Vagіtnі, for those who have already had children with rebirth, but for those who have had widows in the past.
Stage of preparation before the first screening
Preparing for the first screening should be done at the gynecologist's consultation at night.- Try to conduct a blood test and ultrasound on the same day and in the same laboratory.
- Work on a blood test for the sake of it, try to avoid state contacts in order to make it impossible to create results.
- Call in front of them, how to write to the clinic - it is necessary to complete the form.
- Before the procedure, do not drink water, take no more than 100 ml.
How to go through the first screening process
First stage- Biochemical. The whole process of blood follow-up. Yogo zavdannya - signifies the same disability, such as Down's syndrome, Edward's syndrome, defects in the formation of the brain and spinal cord in the fetus.The results of the follow-up blood tests at the first screening do not provide reliable data for establishing a diagnosis, but rather provide an indication for additional follow-up.
Another stage– CE ultrasound for the first three months of winemaking. Vіn vyznaє development of internal organs and roztashuvannya kintsіvok. In addition, to shy away from the body of a child and zіstavlyayutsya z vіdpovіdnimi termіnі norms. The screening is to analyze the structure of the placenta, the nasal brush of the fetus. Sound, this term is seen in 98% of children.
Norms of the first screening for vaginess
Also, the first screening determines a rich vagality, as if all indications exceed the norm.- Even if the results of the analysis are beyond the norm, then there is a high risk of Down's syndrome in the future child. If the stench is lower than the norm, then the possible Edwards syndrome.
- Norm PAPP-A is another coefficient of the first screening for the first hour of vagity. Therefore, the plasma protein A, the rіven of which, by extension, increases in vaginess, and if it does not, it means that the child may have a sickness to the point of illness.
- In times, if PAPP-A is lower than the norm, then there is a high risk of development in children of dementia and pathology. If the fault is higher than the norm, but if otherwise the results are not up to the norm, then there is no turbulence.
In order to unravel the displays, it is necessary to win the MM coefficient, which means the resurrection of the average display. In the process of rozrahunka, the corrected values are taken, which protect the peculiarities of the female organism.
If you are not satisfied with the results of screening, repeat yoga, having repeated the same blood tests and ultrasound in another laboratory. You can grow up to 13 days of pregnancy.
For additional screening, a group of risks is reduced, as well as fetal pathologies in the fetus during the hour of fetal vinification.Repeated screening is carried out at the beginning of the next trimester, although the most effective are 16-17 days.
Term for another screening for vagity
Secondly, complex follow-up results in the development of abnormalities in the chromosomes in the fetus: at this hour, the milking is great.Other screening of three types:
- ultrasound (detection of anomalies for additional ultrasound),
- biochemical (blood indicators),
- combinations, de zastosovuyutsya two first.
- Ce biochemical studies of the blood of the future matus for singing tests.
More precisely, for the so-called “trial test”, which is carried out at the level of proteins and hormones, such as: human chorionic gonadotropin (CHL) in the blood, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), free estirol. The test becomes "quadruple", if the second complex continues to be transferred to another blood sample for blood sampling A.
The study of the concentration in the blood of the appointment of hormones and proteins gives the opportunity to judge the great ability to form in children with Down syndrome, Edwards syndrome, and the neural tube.
The visnovki of the repeated complex can be an indirect indicator of a defective molding of a child and a bulge of an excess of vaginess. For example, an abnormal stage of CHL is indicative of abnormalities in the chromosomes, inability to form preeclampsia, or the manifestation of circulatory diabetes in a possible mother.
Decreased indicators of CGL may be evidence of a damaged placental development.
Increased or decreased blood levels of vagits AFP and ingibine A - a sign of a disorder in the natural formation of a baby and some congenital anomalies - in the case of an open neural tube, possibly Down's syndrome or Edward's syndrome. As alpha-fetoprotein rises sharply, the plate can bend. When changing the level of the female steroid hormone - free estriol, it is possible to allow the disruption of the activity of the fetoplacental system: a deficiency of iodine transmits abnormalities in the functioning of the child.
In times, if the results of the repeated complex dol_dzhen turned out to be unacceptable, it is not necessary to worry ahead of time. You can only talk about imovirnі riziki vіdhilen, not є residual diagnosis. If you want one warehouse of secondary screening does not fit into the norm, you need to do additional follow-up. On indications of screening follow-up, it is possible to pour in deeds of causes: extracorporeal flooding, woman’s age, the presence of circulatory diabetes, shrill signs, for example, chicken.
Video about screening
Another screening is an ultrasound examination (USD) and a random test for the level of the hormone CGL, AFP protein and free estriol. Qi analyzes are due to confirm or ask for data, remove the first hour of the first screening.
As with other screening in a woman’s blood, the rіven of such speeches is indicated, such as human chorionic gonadotropin (CHL), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and estriol, the test is called. As another screening for vaccinia transmission is also a blood test for ingibin A, then the test is already called. An increase in blood concentrations of these specific hormones and proteins in the blood allows one to speak about the risk of developing such malformations in the fetus as Down syndrome (trisomy 21), Edwards syndrome (trisomy 18), defects in the angiocephalic spinal canal . Changes in the results are resolutely twisted, compared with normative indications, and swayed in the same way. On the basis of these data, they take information about the internal womb camp of a child. It’s still positive, it’s less than a check for yoga to be born safely. As it is negative, it is necessary to live in the early mornings - either to assign glee or to call out the canopies in front of the clock.
Who is eligible for another screening
The indications for another screening are the same as for the first screening, but for themselves:
- women whose age at the time of pregnancy is 35 years old and older
- women who have ailments
- women who suffered from a virus infection during the first hour of pregnancy in early terms;
- as if the anterior vagity ended with the death of the fetus, the dead
- like a baby from a closely disputed ship
- like the future mother lives drugs or medicinal preparations, like confinement in case of pregnancy;
- like mom suffers from alcoholism
- as the first children with genetic disabilities;
- like a future mother, mind a robot;
- as if they were vikidni, reversing the vaginess of the past.
Additional indications for other screening are:
- the first screening in case of vaccinity, showing a borderline or high level of imovirnosti presence in the fetus of vadose development;
- as if more infectious or bacterial infection, mothers had a meal after the 14th day;
- as a mother in another trimester, a new creation was revealed.
If the vaginess proceeds without complications, and the future mother is convinced that the baby is healthy, then no other screening is carried out. However, if the woman herself must show the need to go through, in order to get rid of inappropriate experiences, doctors should not encourage her.
If you need another screening for vagity
Ultrasound follow-up
- not earlier than the 16th day;
- no later than the 20th;
- The most recent term is the entire 17th day: it is not allowed to undergo supplementary obstezhennia from a geneticist when the disease is detected.
Biochemical test
Shelter for biochemical analysis should be taken strictly from the 16th day to the 6th day of the 18th day of pregnancy.
Yakі doslіdzhennya held
Screening for the other trimester includes:
- follow-up ultrasound
- biochemical research (blood test). Three hormones are included: vilna b-subunit of the human chorionic gonadotropin (vilniy b-CHL), PAPP-A (plasma protein A of association with vaginismus), and vilniy estriol-living state hormone, the activity of this pіd ієyu pіdієyu pієyu pіdnіkі dієnі zhіnіnіnі . Rivne estriol is injected into the uterine-placental blood flow, the development of the uterus, and the formation of the duct in the mammary glands of the future mothers.
Some future mothers can add one more analysis. Іngіbіn A is a specific female hormone, an increase in the blood level of a woman is characteristic of the onset of pregnancy. Yogo vmіst at the storehouse of blood of the future mother to lie down in the terminіv that I will become pregnant and the fetus. Wine is produced by the ovaries of a woman, and in the camp of a baby - by the placenta and the organism of the embryo.
Іngіbіn А for rozrachunkіv rizikіv vad the development of the fetus to fetal development at another screening follow-up is rare - mostly only, if the previous 3 parameters do not give an unambiguous picture.
What is due for the results
Ultrasound follow-up
- tovshchina, roztashuvannya, stages of maturity and the structure of the placenta;
- camp of the uterus, її cervix and appendages;
- obsyag amniotic fluid;
- parameters of the baby (volume of breasts, abdomen and head, dozhina of male brushes from the skin side);
- development of the brain and ridge;
- development of the individual (eyes, mouth, nіs);
- the development of the heart of the great blood-bearing vessels;
- life of important organs: nirki, sich mikhur, intestines, shlunok.
Biochemical blood test:
- plasma protein rіven (indicated as PAPP-A);
- zmist human chorionic gonadotropin (Visnovka may have the graph "Vilniy β-CHL").
- free estriol E3
How to prepare for analysis
- Sechovy mіkhur not obov'yazkovo can be replicate, like at the first screening. The great volume of navcoloplidnyh waters allows you to accurately carry out the ultrasound procedure.
- And to induce bowel remembrance also does not play a special role. In the other trimester, this organ is embossed with an enlarged uterus and does not matter for an ultrasound examination.
- Still, for getting to the ultrasound of another screening, it is necessary to consider allergenic products: chocolate, citrus fruits, cocoa, seafood, lubrication and fatty herbs.
- On the day of the building, nothing can be done for a blood test - you can do the results of the tests.
- It is impossible to allow filthy thoughts: you need to take it into your own hands and make it positive for yourself.
Preparing for another screening is clumsy, to that already є dosvid after the first. And that means - and organize yourself in the information plan in the simplest way. I want to carry out the work in the future, the scheme of their carrying out will be approximately the same.
Other screening for normal vaccinia:
Ultrasound follow-up:
Norm dekіlkoh butts of the fetus, how the lіkar evaluates by ultrasound screening of the 2nd trimester (16-20 days):
Biparietal diameter (BPR) (mm)
- 16 types - 31 - 37 mm
- 17 types - 34 - 42 mm
- 18 types - 37 - 47 mm
- 19 types - 41-43 mm
- 20 types - 43-53 mm
Head circumference (mm)
- 16 types - 112 - 136 mm
- 17 types - 121 -149 mm
- 18 sizes - 131 - 161 mm
- 19 sizes - 142 - 174 mm
- 20 types - 154 - 186 mm
Abdominal circumference (mm)
- 16 types - 88 - 116 mm
- 17 types - 93 - 131 mm
- 18 types - 104 - 144 mm
- 19 types - 114 - 154 mm
- 20 types - 124-164 mm
Fronto-tilichny rozmіr (mm)
- 16 types - 41 - 49 mm
- 17 types - 46 - 54 mm
- 18 types - 49 - 59 mm
- 19 types - 53 - 63 mm
- 20 types - 56 - 68 mm
Dovzhina of a brush of a quilt (mm)
- 16 types - 17 - 23 mm
- 17 types - 20 - 28 mm
- 18 types - 23 - 31 mm
- 19 types -26 - 34 mm
- 20 types - 29 - 37 mm
Shoulder pad (mm)
- 16 types - 15 - 21 mm
- 17 types - 17 - 25 mm
- 18 types - 20 - 28 mm
- 19 sizes -23 - 31 mm
- 20 types - 26 - 34 mm
Index of amniotic fluid (mm)
- 16 types - 73 - 201 mm
- 17 types - 77 - 211 mm
- 18 types - 80 - 220 mm
- 19 types - 83 - 225 mm
- 20 types - 86 - 230 mm
Biochemical blood test:
The values that are accepted as norms, for indications, that are observed in the laboratory analysis of the blood of a patient, within the framework of another screening, can vary, depending on the ethnic warehouse of the region, in which laboratory is located and for which the diagnostic computer is set up.
Biochemistry of blood for another screening shows not only the CGL level, but also shows other signs important for the second trimester of pregnancy.
Estriol (E3)
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)
Without these blood parameters, deciphering another screening is impossible. Stepin їх rizik rozahovoєtsya vhodyachi z coefіtіentsіnt MoM, yak і at the first screening
MoM
Rivne vіdkhilen z urakhuvannyam such factors, like vіk, vagata that the woman suffered from ailments, is laid down in the singing coefficient. For the second trimester of pregnancy, the norms of MoM are presented in the next figures:
- lower boundary 0.5;
- upper - 2.5;
- the optimal indicator is 1.
On the basis of MoM, it is carried out the development of a risk assessment of the development of a child, who has not yet been born. If it is not possible to set 1 to 380, then it is considered the norm. But just like a friend, the figure went into decline, it’s not enough to talk about those who have a low chance of having a healthy child and a full-fledged child.
How to recognize from the otrimanih dovodok after another screening, how much vagity develops normally? All lie down in the step vіdhilen.
Vіdhilennya vіd normi
To assess the value of screening markers honey. install vicorists specifically for diagnostic purposes of computer programs, how to insure the risks of vindication of quiet chi іnshih vіdhilen z urakhuvannym the value of all test indicators in pregnancy, including ultrasound data. It is called screening combinations. Moreover, the result is subject to correction for a specific skin type. To respect, an individual history of possible mothers is taken: rich vagitsity, vagitsity due to EKZ, shkidlivy zvichki, vaga, vіk, chronic ailment thinly. In addition, when screening another trimester, before the basis of data for the examination of screening risks, enter the same primary results of obstruction carried out in the period 10-14 of the term of pregnancy. Only such a comprehensive guide for non-invasive prenatal diagnosis of possible pathologies of fetal development is as reliable as possible. There is no sensation to look at the skin indicator with the method of screening obstezhennia. In the first place, the list of possible reasons that should be added to the dermatological component of the taken component according to the average statistical norm is great. in the case of bagatoriasis, AFP is normal, so as to ignore the significance of other indications, the risk of fetal calculus is less likely in 5% of cases. And in case of prenatal diagnosis of such an illness, like Patau's syndrome, the AFP rіvenіnі vzagalі not vyklichі poyuvan.
Pomilkovi results
Although it is rare, but it still traps: screening of another trimester shows false results. So it is possible, as if the excess of vaginess is characterized by such features:
- rich vagity;
- misplaced term;
- zayva vaga zavyschuu ostentatious, lack - underestimate them;
- circulatory diabetes.
Before conducting another screening, the gynecologist is obligated to determine the additional questionnaire and the frontal obstezhennia and factor and check the hour of the results. The very thing is to lie down further away to save your vagity.
Another screening for rich women is becoming a serious stress, as the first investigation showed improvement. Another stage of follow-up is the continuation of the first and necessary for clarification of the earlier results, as well as the re-verification of the fruit and the correctness of the development.
It’s a pity, and so, that with the first ultrasound, the drug does not reveal obvious pathologies, and the results of biochemical screening of the first trimester show a low risk of damage, and with another final decoding, it shows a similar, hour-long picture.
Another planned screening is assigned to another trimester of pregnancy, in the period from 14 to 20 days, with which the most informative term is 16-18 days.
What to wonder about the hour of another screening
In the other trimester, after ultrasound, it is necessary to bleed from the vein for re-examination and indications of free estriol, AFP, INGIBIN A and HGL.
Unfortunately, not all clinics are equipped with modern facilities;
Depending on the possibilities of the laboratory and the conducted research, the doctors name the analysis:
- subtest, if two indications are measured - AFP and HGL;
- potrynym test, yakshcho є mozhlivіst vymіryatі і rіven vіlnogo estriol;
- by the fourth test, which is the indication of all components.
For additional ultrasound in another trimester, the doctor evaluates:
- The circumference of the head, abdomen and breasts of the fetus, as well as the size of the male cysts of the body from both sides of the body. In this term, the procedure allows you to evaluate the development of the fetus itself, depending on the period, and to determine the proportionality of the growth.
- The camp of the brain and the shlunochkіv of the brain.
- The stand of the nasolabial tricutnik, as well as the deep facial structure on the sides.
- Stan that rose the ridge.
- The camp of the intestines, the shell, the cut michur and the nirok of the fetus.
- The work of the cardiovascular system is not affected (atria, ventricles, main great judges).
Perevirtsi pіd hour of ultrasound in another trimester pіdlyagaє i placenta, and itself:
- її roztashuvannya;
- comradeship;
- stages of maturity;
- structure;
- kіlkіst nіy vessel.
Also, the duration of the procedure is assessed by the number of amniotic radii and structure, appendages, uterine walls and cervix. When deciphering the results of ultrasound, the doctor can generate visnovo about those that the fetus has damage to the development of everything that corresponds to the norms.
How to get ready for another screening
- Ultrasound procedure does not affect preparation shards in the matzі є enough amount of rainy waters for a look around
- Before donating blood, follow a few rules Zokrema, 2-3 days before the sampling, analysis should be carried out on the introduction of gostrikh, fatty, lubricated, pickled herbs, smoked meats, seafood, citrus fruits, chocolate. And also other products, which can be potential allergens. It is necessary to give blood to a hungry slug.
How to choose another screening for vagity
- On this term ultrasound scan only in a superficial way, transabdominally, without a vicorist transducer. For which woman lies down on the couch, she lives bare. The procedure does not bring discomfort.
- You can come to the collection of blood analysis of the vagina with the prepared ultrasound results, on the basis of which you need to complete the supporting documentation before the analysis.
Deciphering the results of another screening
If ultrasound is carried out on the 16th day, then on the first day of another stage of diagnosis, it is accepted by the norms to:
- BDP 31 to 37 mm, average indicators become 35.
- Exhaust gas from 112 to 136 mm.
- LZR vіd 41 to 49 mm.
- Coolant type 88 to 116 mm.
- Dovzhina quilted brushes 17 to 23 mm.
- Shoulder brushes 15 to 21 mm.
- Homilka brush 15 to 21 mm.
- Brushes in front of the face 12 to 18 mm.
- Amniotic water of the guilty mother, index vіd 80 to 200 mm.
On the term in 20 years, the indications of ultrasound may have an average value:
- BVR vіd 43 to 53 mm.
- Coolant type 124 to 164 mm.
- LZR vіd 56 to 68 mm.
- Exhaust gas from 154 to 186 mm.
- Dovzhina quilted brushes 29 to 37 mm.
- Dovzhina front plate 22 to 29 mm.
- The shoulder pad of the brushes is 26 to 34 mm.
- Dovzhina brushes of gomіlka vіd 26 to 34 mm.
- Amniotic water of the guilty mother, index vіd 93 to 130 mm.
- The maturity of the placenta may be zero.
- The width of the placenta is 16.7 to 28.6 mm.
The other trimester, and the 20th day itself, is the remaining acceptable term for blood donation to determine the level of hormones, and the interpretation of the results will no longer be informative.
If until this period of the vaginal period the analysis values are not broken, then you can rely solely on the results of other studies, such as ultrasound or cardiotocometry.
HGL
One of the most important indications in the analysis of blood in another trimester is CHL, the rhubarb of which should be deposited in the term of vagity. It is important to remember that when conducting a test in different laboratories, indications can be examined or fixed in different units, only a doctor can evaluate the results.
The only fault is fluctuations, if the data are reported in the IOM, such a parameter of concurrency for all laboratories and in the whole period should be set to 0.5 to 2 MM.
Although in the other trimester, during blood follow-up, an increase in CGL was detected, we can talk about a high risk of manifestation in the fetus for Down syndrome or Klinefelter's syndrome. With a decrease in indications, the doctor may raise visnovs about a high risk of Edwards syndrome.
AFP
Alpha-fetoprotein is a special protein that is found in the blood of the cutaneous woman. The first rіven starts to rise in the period from 14 to 33-44 tyzhnіv, after which the yogo decrease is expected. Norm of AFP to deposit in terms of vagity:
- from 13 to 15 days, the norm is taken as an indication of 15 to 60 Od / ml;
- from 15 to 19 days - from 15 to 95 Od / ml;
- from 20 to 24 days - from 27 to 125 Od / ml.
The indicator of AFP can be fixed in the MOM of the world, in which case the value for all laboratories on any term should be 0.5 to 2 MOM.
Significant indications can mean a risk of manifestation in the fetus, damage to the development of the brain or spinal cord, for example, splitting of the spinal column or anencephaly. Ale slіd і about those that high AFP rіven is the norm for rich vagity.
As a result, AFP data are lower than the established norms, indicating a high risk of manifestation of Edwards or Down syndrome.
Vilniy estriol
Tsya speech, which is seen in the blood of the skin of the vaginal woman, is a kind of indicator of a successful foundation and the correct development of inability.
The riven tsієї of the speech must be deposited in the correctness of the work of the supra-nural folds of the fetus, which is developing. If the indications are fixed in the IOM, then the norm is the same for all laboratories and becomes 0.5 to 2 MM.
The low rate of estriol in the last analysis for the first term of vaginess indicates a high risk of the fetus having Edwards or Down syndrome, as well as underrecognized supra-nipple ulcers, about feto-placental insufficiency. Crimson, low estriol rіven can be evidence about the presence of the brain in the fetus (anencephaly) or about the threat
The rise of estriol rhubarb is indicated for large fetal growths that are developing, with evidence of liver disease and with rich vaginess.
Ingibine A
Speech shows up in the blood practically in women's ears, independently of the presence of vagity. Riven Ingіbіnu A is not guilty of revisiting 2 MM.
A high level of inhibition A in case of pregnancy may be indicative of the presence of Down syndrome or other chromosomal anomalies. Ale in medical practice was noted to have a lot of fluctuations, if the indications of Ingіbіn A at the first hour of pregnancy were moved from the sprat once, the ale child was born healthy. On the river of speech in the blood, not only vagitness is poured, but the woman’s growth, її vaga and age, the presence of shky sounds and a lot of other individual features of the body.
Rivne ingibіnu And zavzhdy otsіnyuєtsya only at the same time z denim of other speeches, such as CHL, AFP and volny estriol.
The results of another screening: norms and vidhilennya
If the results of the analyzes do not comply with the norms, it is necessary to turn to the genetics of other additional tests.
Geneticists for an hour of carrying out additional follow-up care to restore the health of a woman to vagity, especially or worsening of the anterior vagity (like the stench of the boules), which will change the abortion or the vacancy. Krіm tsgogo, protect and become a healthy father of the future child, as well as the closest relatives from both sides.
As if there is a risk of the presence of the fetus of serious anomalies, if there is any syndrome, the woman will be required to undergo an amniocentesis, a special follow-up procedure, which allows you to determine the state of health of the future inability with maximum accuracy.
Make a decision about the follow-up, including planned screenings, the woman's skin is to blame independently. However, there is no evidence of procedures except for those who are "scary". Doctors reluctantly recommend that you go through all the planned obstezhennya hourly, only so you can detect possible pathologies and anomalies in the development of a future baby and live in your own hours.
Core video about screening
I fit!